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初中英语语法之句子种类句子种类句子按说话目的可分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句考点：陈述句的肯定结构和否定结构。在肯定结构中，谓语动词不含否定词；否定结构是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not，除了not外，其他否定词，如no,hardly,never,neithe

r,nor等，也可以构成否定句。【考例链接】按要求完成下列各题1.Iwasplayingwithmyphonewhenmymothercamein.(改为否定句)I______________withmyphonewhenmymothercamein.2.S

heoftenreadswithherdaughterintheevening.(改为否定句)She_______often_______withherdaughterintheevening.3.Ellenhasalreadyboughtso

meflowers.(改为否定句)Ellen_______boughtanyflowers_______.疑问句疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句。《义务教育英语课程标准》要求同学们掌握前三种。考点一：一般疑问句。一般疑问句通常将系动词、助动词

或情态动词放到主语前构成。一般疑问句用Yes或No来回答，其回答常用简略答语。注意：回答否定式的一般疑问句时，答语中的Yes和No的含义与其汉语意思恰好相反，意为“不”和“是的”。【考例链接】按要求完成下列各题1.TheBrownswerewa

tchingTVwhentheygotthephonecalllastnight.(改为一般疑问句)_______theBrowns_______TVwhentheygotthephonecalllastnight?2.DrMalaidhispapersonthede

skfortheyoungdoctorstostudy.(改为一般疑问句)_______DrMa_______hispapersonthedeskfortheyoungdoctorstostudy?3.Didn’theseeyoujustnow?(根据句意

做出肯定或否定回答)_______,he_______.Hesaidhellotome.考点二：特殊疑问句。1.以疑问词开始，以寻求信息为目的的句子叫特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时，不能用Yes或No，而要根据实际情况回答。2.常用的疑问词有：疑问代词what,which,who,whose,who

m；疑问副词when,where,why,how；疑问词组howsoon,howlong,howfar,howoften,howold,howmany,howmuch,whatclass,whattime,whatcolo

r等。3.特殊疑问句的结构：“疑问词(不作主语)+一般疑问句语序?”或“疑问词(作主语)+谓语+其他?”。考点三：选择疑问句。选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上情况，用or连接。回答时不能用Yes或No，而要根据选择的情况进行回答。【考例链接】按要求完成下列各题1.Le

ehashelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproductssincehereturnedtohishometown.(对划线部分提问)______________hasLeehelpedthelocalpeopleselltheirproducts?2.Peoplewil

lhaverobotsathomein20years.(对划线部分提问)______________willpeoplehaverobotsathome?3.UncleZhuismakingavegetablesaladfordinnernow.(对划线部分提问)___________

___UncleZhumakingfordinnernow?4.IimprovedmyChinesealotwiththeteachers’help.(对划线部分提问)______________youimproveyourChinesealot?5.—Doyouwa

nttojointhechesscluborthefootballclub?(根据句意做出回答)—______________.Ilikeplayingfootball.祈使句考点一：肯定式祈使句的肯定式以动词原形开头，祈使句的主语一般都是第二人称you，但往往省略。有时为了强调对方时，可

以写出主语you或人名。为了使语气变得委婉、客气，可在句首或句末加上please。考点二：否定式在动词原形前加don’t构成否定的祈使句。考点三：祈使句+and/or+分句在句型“祈使句+and/or+分句”中，祈使句相当于条

件状语从句。【考例链接】Ⅰ.单项选择()1._______noisepollution,andwecanliveinaquietenvironment.A.PreventB.PreventingC.PreventedD.Top

revent()2._______onthegrass.It’saruleofthepark.A.StepB.Don’tstepC.TostepⅡ.按要求完成下列各题1.Youshouldn’twalkacrosstheroadwhentheli

ghtisred.(改为祈使句)______________acrosstheroadwhenthelightisred!2.Youshouldn’ttellliestoothersandlearntobehonest!（改为祈使句)___________

___liestoothersandlearntobehonest!感叹句感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情，一般由what或how引导，句末常用感叹号。考点一：what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词，它引导的感叹句有三

种句型：1.What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词(+主语+其他)!2.What+形容词+复数可数名词(+主语+其他)!3.What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+其他)!考点二：how引导的感叹句。how修饰形容词或副词，它

引导的感叹句的句型为：How+形容词/副词(+主语+其他)!【考例链接】Ⅰ.单项选择()1.—_______differentlifeistoday!—Yeah.Wearealllivingahappyandrichlifenow.A.WhataB.HowC.What()2._______ni

ceweatheritis!Let’sgoforapicnic,Frank.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa()3._______specialclasseswehad!Wehavelearnedalotaboutpapercutting.A.WhatB.WhataC.H

owaD.HowⅡ.按要求完成下列各题1.Holly’smothermadedeliciouszongziyesterday.(改为感叹句)______________zongziHolly’smothermadeyester

day!2.Thevolunteerworkedhardtogetmorekidsbacktoschool.(改为感叹句)______________thevolunteerworkedtogetmorekidsbackto

school!3.Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!(改为感叹句)______________theflowersare!综合训练【考例链接】完成句子1.通往成功的道路是多么艰难！_______difficulttheroadto_______is!2.不要在走廊

里互相追逐。Don’t____________eachotherinthehallways.3.她多久整理一次卧室？___________________________________________4.你曾经去过长城吗？___

_______________________________________?5.我们在九月份庆祝教师节。(celebrate)___________________________________________图片参考答案陈述句1

.wasn’tplaying2.doesn’t;read3.hasn’t;yet疑问句考点一：1.Were;watching2.Did;lay3.Yes;did考点二、考点三：1.Howlong2.Howsoon3.Whatis4.Howdid5.Thefoot

ballclub祈使句Ⅰ.1-2ABⅡ.1.Don’twalk2.Don’ttell感叹句Ⅰ.1-3BAAⅡ.1.Whatdelicious2.Howhard3.Howbeautiful综合训练1.How;success2.runafter3.Howofte

ndoesshetidyupherbedroom?4.HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?5.WecelebrateTeachers’DayinSeptember.