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选修八Unit3[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516346)1．Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?2．Wemustalwaysbearinmindtha

tChinaisabigcountrywithahugepopulation.3．Theexhibitionwasorganizedbytheschoolinassociation(associate)withlocalartists.4．Whenyoucometoschool,pl

easevisitmyofficeatyourconvenience(convenient)．5．Theserviceoffersyoungpeoplepractical(practice)adviceonfin

dingajob.6．Whetherornotthesecretarywillbefiredisatthemercy(merciful)ofherboss.7．Ibelievethatyouareinnocent(innocence),andI'llstandupforyouany

where.8．Weallhaveanexpectation(expect)thathecanpassthedrivingtestnextweek.9．Ihavefilledintheformandfiled(file)mypatentappl

icationwiththePatentOffice.10．Inmyopinion,onlybyfacingdifficultiesbravelyandseizing(seize)opportunitiescanonesucceed.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516

347)1．Distinguishingforitsdiligenceandcourage,theChineseNationhasattractedtheattentionfromtheworld.Distinguishing→Distinguished2．Sometim

esteacherswillinformstudentsoftheheavyburdenthestudentshavetobearwith.去掉with3．Theteacher'sabruptlyendingspeakingcanmakesomestudentsfocustheirattent

ionontheirlistening.abruptly→abrupt4．Thenewgovernmentmustsetoutfindingsolutionstothecountry'seconomicproblems.out→about5．Itissocoldandfrozenthatweh

avetostayathome.frozen→freezingⅢ.佳句写作(导学号02516348)1．早上丢失了一小时，你就得在一天剩下的时间里努力寻找这一小时。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)答案：Loseo

nehourinthemorning，andyouwillbelookingforittherestoftheday.2．只有这样做，我们才能让世界更美好。(倒装)答案：Onlybydoingsocanwehelptomaketheworldabetterplace.3．这个

明星那么平易近人以至于她与粉丝相处得很好。(so...that....)答案：Thisstarissoeasy-goingthatshecangetalongwellwithherfans.4．我们必须牢记是共产党(theCommunistParty)领导我们走向

胜利的。(keepinmind)答案：WemustkeepinmindthatitistheCommunistPartythatleadsustovictory.5．似乎没什么可以做的了，只有派人去请医生。(Thereseemtobe..

.)答案：Thereseemedtobenothinglefttodobutsendforthedoctor.[技能提升]Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516349)(2018·衡水模拟)AteamofengineersatHarvardUnive

rsityhavebeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly.Themechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techintegra

tedsystems.Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontr

olledflighttasks.“It'sextremelyimportantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchofindividualcomponents(元件)，”saidRobertWood,the

Harvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingontheroboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago，histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthecom

ponents.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown，”hesaid.Theyeng

ineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterde

pendenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingit'sconnecte

dto.”saidWood.Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower，computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheprojectprovesthatthe

flyingrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-bo

ardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworka

trescuesites,infarmers'fieldsoronthebattlefield.“Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround，”hesaid.Woodsaysthedesignoffersa

newwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardc

ouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youk

now,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead，”hesaid.“Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscie

ntificquestionsthatarereallywhatdriveusonadaytodaybasis.”[语篇解读]本文主要讲述哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。文章介

绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。1．Thedifficultytheteamofengineersmetwithwhilemakingtheroboticflywasthat________.A．theyhadnomod

elintheirmindB．theydidnothaveenoughtimeC．theyhadnoready-madecomponentsD．theycouldnotassemblethecomponents解析：C[细节理解题。根据第二段可知类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，

这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，不得不靠自己去开发，可知困难就是没有现成的组成部件。]2．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphs3and4thattheroboticfly________.

A．consistsofaflightdeviceandacontrolsystemB．canjustflyinlimitedareasatthepresenttimeC．cancollectinformationfrommanysou

rcesD．hasbeenputintowideapplication解析：B[推理判断题。根据第四段的“Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall，off-boardpowersource

”可知，目前由于电池等的限制，机器苍蝇只能在有限的区域飞行。]3．Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Theroboticflyerisdesigned

tolearnaboutinsects.B．Animalsarenotallowedinbiologicalexperiments.C．Thereusedtobefewwaystostudyhowinsectsfly.D．Wood'sde

signcanreplaceanimalsinsomeexperiments.解析：D[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“youknow，tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals，butusingtheserobotsin

stead”可知，有些试验用动物很困难，但是可以用机器人来替代。]4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．FatherofRoboticFlyB．

InspirationfromEngineeringScienceC．RoboticFlyImitatesRealLifeInsectD．HarvardBreaksThroughinInsectStudy解析：C[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知主要讲述

的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·海南五校高三第二次模拟)OnerainyafternoonIwassittingathomefeelingsobored.__1__feelingsorryformyself,Iwanted

tomeetpeopleandhavenew__2__soIdecidedtostartvolunteering.IfoundawebsitewhereIcouldvolunteeronafarminFrance.Volunteering__3

__somanyopportunitiestohavefunandshare__4__stories.Itwasthefirsttimeformetoworkonafarm.Itwasalmosta(n)__5__holiday

asfoodandaccommodationwereprovided.Itwasnotone__6__holiday，however，asIhadto__7__fifteenhorsesandsheep!Isoo

ndiscoveredthatIwasa(n)__8__farmerbutitdidnotmatterbecauseImadesomegreatfriendsandalsoimprovedmy__9__.However，yo

udonot__10__goabroadtovolunteer.Ihavehadplentyofadventuresathomeasvolunteeringcanbecomea__11__.Forexample，Ilove__12__so

Ihadagoodlaughwavingmyarmsinorderto__13__mylocalchoir(合唱团).Atuniversity,Iorganizedaconcertforcharitywithmyfriends.Itw

asreally__14__tofindbandsandraisemoneyforacause.Itistruethatyoufeelgoodvolunteeringbuttherearealsoother__15__.Ioncevolunteeredasastew

ard(干事)atacharitysportseventwheretheorganizers__16__gavemecupcakesfromanexpensiveLondonbakerytothankm

eformy__17__.IalsovolunteeredinacharityshopsoIfoundloadsofnicecheapclothesto__18__mywardrobe.Whilethisisallfun，myfavouri

teaspectofvolunteeringis__19__andsharingstories.Myterrible__20__atfarminghasgivenmefunnystoriestotell![语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从事志愿工作的

经历以及志愿工作的优点。1．A.ApartfromB．DuetoC．InsteadofD．Butfor解析：C[下文提到作者决定做志愿工作，故这里应是“我想见别人并有新的经历，而不是自怨自艾”。Insteadof“而不是，取代”，符合语境。]2．A.experiencesB．discoveries

C．opportunitiesD．changes解析：A[参见上题解析。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。]3．A.recommendsB．demandsC．offersD．seizes解析：C[此处指“志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得愉快并分享精彩的故事的机会

”。offer“提供”，符合语境。]4．A.popularB．fantasticC．familiarD．important解析：B[参见上题解析。fantastic意为“美妙的，精彩的”，符合语境。]5

．A.impressiveB．freeC．cheapD．special解析：B[根据下文的“asfoodandaccommodationwereprovided”可知，农场提供食物和住宿，故此处表示它几乎是一个免费的(free)假期。]6．A.uniqueB．regular

C．typicalD．convenient解析：C[根据上文的“workonafarm”及下文的“asIhadto__7__fifteenhorsesandsheep”可知，这不是一个典型的(typical)假期，因为作者在农场工作，而且必须照顾十五匹马和羊。]7．A

.attendtoB．researchintoC．huntforD．communicatewith解析：A[参见上题解析。attendtosb./sth.意为“照顾某人/某物”。]8．A.skillfulB．suitableC．hard-workingD．awful解析：D

[根据下文的“but”及最后一段中的“Myterrible__20__atfarming”可知，此处指“不久我就发现我是一个糟糕的(awful)农民”。]9．A.EnglishB．FrenchC．RussianD．C

hinese解析：B[根据第一段中的“onafarminFrance”可知，作者在法国的农场从事志愿工作，所以应是提高法语。]10．A.normallyB．basicallyC．naturallyD．necessarily解析：D[根据下文的“I

havehadplentyofadventuresathome...”可知，作者在国内有许多冒险经历，故可推知“你不一定要去国外从事志愿工作”。necessarily意为“必要地”，notnecessarily“不一定”。]11．A.h

obbyB．trendC．jobD．reality解析：A[下文提到的志愿工作显然是作者的爱好，关键词“love”就是暗示，故用hobby。]12．A.dancingB．writingC．singingD．performing解析：C[根据下文的“mylo

calchoir(合唱团)”和“Iorganizedaconcertforcharity...”可知，作者喜欢唱歌(singing)。]13．A.greetB．controlC．organizeD．condu

ct解析：D[根据上文的“Ihadagoodlaughwavingmyarms...”及后面的“mylocalchoir(合唱团)”可推知，此处指挥动胳膊来指挥(conduct)当地的合唱团。]14．A.powerfulB．hopefulC．meaningfulD．successful解析：C

[找乐队并为慈善事业筹钱真的很有意义。meaningful意为“有意义的”，符合语境。]15．A.adventuresB．advantagesC．factorsD．achievements解析：B[根据下文的“gavemecupcakes...”“soIfound

loadsofnicecheapclothes”可知，这里说的是“你确实能感受到志愿工作的好处，但是它还有其他的优点(advantages)”。]16．A.generouslyB．cautiouslyC．equallyD．proudly解析：

A[根据下文的“...cupcakesfromanexpensiveLondonbakerytothankme...”可知组织者很大方地给作者很贵的杯形蛋糕。generously意为“慷慨地，大方地”，符合语境。]17．A.servicesB．pati

enceC．determinationD．choices解析：A[根据上文的“Ioncevolunteeredasasteward(干事)atacharitysportsevent...”可知，组织者给作者杯形蛋糕是为了感谢作者的服

务(services)，故选A项。]18．A.decorateB．replaceC．beautifyD．update解析：D[根据上下文可知，作者在慈善商店找到许多漂亮、便宜的衣服来更新自己的衣橱。]19．A.cre

atingB．imaginingC．choosingD．completing解析：A[此处指“但对于志愿工作，我最喜欢的方面是创造(creating)并分享故事”。]20．A.offenceB．shameC．attemptD．annoyance解析：C[结合语境和文章的情感基调可知，这里应是

说作者在农场的尝试让作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事。attempt意为“努力，尝试”，符合语境。]Ⅲ.短文改错(导学号02516350)Whileawayinanothercitytoattendaconcert,Ihavemyhandbagstolen.Mybagcontaine

dthemoneyIneededpayformyaccommodation.Itmademerealworried!WhilelookingforahotelIwasstayingin，Iaskedataxidriverfordirections.Onhea

rdaboutwhathadhappened,heofferedtotakemetothereforfree.What'smore，hehandedI100yuanwhenheleftthehotel.Irefusedtotakethem.Heinsisted

,andtoldmehehadbeeninasimilarsituationonceandthatawomanhadhelpedhim.Whenheaskedaboutherphonenumbersohecouldreturne

dthemoney,thewomansimplyreplied.“Don'tpayitback－payitforward！”So,hedid!答案：