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选修八Unit3[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516346)1．Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?2．WemustalwaysbearinmindthatChinaisabigcountrywithahug

epopulation.3．Theexhibitionwasorganizedbytheschoolinassociation(associate)withlocalartists.4．Whenyoucometoschool,pleasevisi

tmyofficeatyourconvenience(convenient)．5．Theserviceoffersyoungpeoplepractical(practice)adviceonfindin

gajob.6．Whetherornotthesecretarywillbefiredisatthemercy(merciful)ofherboss.7．Ibelievethatyouareinnocent(innocence),andI'llstandupforyou

anywhere.8．Weallhaveanexpectation(expect)thathecanpassthedrivingtestnextweek.9．Ihavefilledintheformandfiled(file)mypatentappli

cationwiththePatentOffice.10．Inmyopinion,onlybyfacingdifficultiesbravelyandseizing(seize)opportunitiescanonesucceed.Ⅱ.单句

改错(每句一错)(导学号02516347)1．Distinguishingforitsdiligenceandcourage,theChineseNationhasattractedtheattentionfromtheworl

d.Distinguishing→Distinguished2．Sometimesteacherswillinformstudentsoftheheavyburdenthestudentshavetobearwith.去掉with3．Theteach

er'sabruptlyendingspeakingcanmakesomestudentsfocustheirattentionontheirlistening.abruptly→abrupt4．Thenewgovernmentmustsetoutfindingsolutionst

othecountry'seconomicproblems.out→about5．Itissocoldandfrozenthatwehavetostayathome.frozen→freezingⅢ.佳句写作(导学号025

16348)1．早上丢失了一小时，你就得在一天剩下的时间里努力寻找这一小时。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)答案：Loseonehourinthemorning，andyouwillbelookingforittherestoftheday.2．只有这样做，我们才能让世

界更美好。(倒装)答案：Onlybydoingsocanwehelptomaketheworldabetterplace.3．这个明星那么平易近人以至于她与粉丝相处得很好。(so...that....)答案：Thisstarissoeas

y-goingthatshecangetalongwellwithherfans.4．我们必须牢记是共产党(theCommunistParty)领导我们走向胜利的。(keepinmind)答案：WemustkeepinmindthatitistheCommunistPartythatleadsus

tovictory.5．似乎没什么可以做的了，只有派人去请医生。(Thereseemtobe...)答案：Thereseemedtobenothinglefttodobutsendforthedoctor.[技能

提升]Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516349)(2018·衡水模拟)AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhavebeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly

.Themechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techintegratedsystems.Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetiny

machineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontrolledflighttasks.“It'sextremelyim

portantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchofindividualcomponents(元件)，”saidRobertWood,th

eHarvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingontheroboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago，histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthecompo

nents.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehav

etodevelopthemallonourown，”hesaid.Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesyst

emwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwellt

oeverythingit'sconnectedto.”saidWood.Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower，computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheprojectprov

esthattheflyingrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoalise

ventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers'fieldsoronthebattlefield.“Basicall

yitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround，”hesaid.Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolinsect-scale.Yet,thepowe

r,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions

,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead，”hesaid.“Sotherear

ealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdriveusonadaytodaybasis.”[语篇解读]本文主要讲述哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。

文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。1．Thedifficultytheteamofengineersmetwithwhilemakingtheroboticflywasthat________.A．theyhadnom

odelintheirmindB．theydidnothaveenoughtimeC．theyhadnoready-madecomponentsD．theycouldnotassemblethecomponents

解析：C[细节理解题。根据第二段可知类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，不得不靠自己去开发，可知困难就是没有现成的组成部件。]2．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphs3and4thattheroboticfly__

______.A．consistsofaflightdeviceandacontrolsystemB．canjustflyinlimitedareasatthepresenttimeC．cancollectinf

ormationfrommanysourcesD．hasbeenputintowideapplication解析：B[推理判断题。根据第四段的“Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall，off-boardpowersource”可知，目

前由于电池等的限制，机器苍蝇只能在有限的区域飞行。]3．Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Theroboticflyerisdesignedtolearnaboutinsects.B．Animalsarenotall

owedinbiologicalexperiments.C．Thereusedtobefewwaystostudyhowinsectsfly.D．Wood'sdesigncanreplaceanimalsinsomeexperiments.解析：D[推理判断题

。根据最后一段的“youknow，tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals，butusingtheserobotsinstead”可知，有些试验用动物很困难

，但是可以用机器人来替代。]4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．FatherofRoboticFlyB．InspirationfromE

ngineeringScienceC．RoboticFlyImitatesRealLifeInsectD．HarvardBreaksThroughinInsectStudy解析：C[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知主要讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。]

Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·海南五校高三第二次模拟)OnerainyafternoonIwassittingathomefeelingsobored.__1__feelingsorryformyself,

Iwantedtomeetpeopleandhavenew__2__soIdecidedtostartvolunteering.IfoundawebsitewhereIcouldvolunteeronafarminFrance.Volunteering__3__somanyopportuni

tiestohavefunandshare__4__stories.Itwasthefirsttimeformetoworkonafarm.Itwasalmosta(n)__5__holidayasfoodandaccommodationwereprovi

ded.Itwasnotone__6__holiday，however，asIhadto__7__fifteenhorsesandsheep!IsoondiscoveredthatIwasa(n)__8__farmerbutitdidnotmatterbecauseImadesomegre

atfriendsandalsoimprovedmy__9__.However，youdonot__10__goabroadtovolunteer.Ihavehadplentyofadventuresathomeasvolunteeringcanbecomea__11__.Forexamp

le，Ilove__12__soIhadagoodlaughwavingmyarmsinorderto__13__mylocalchoir(合唱团).Atuniversity,Iorganizedaconcertforcharitywithmyfriends.Itwa

sreally__14__tofindbandsandraisemoneyforacause.Itistruethatyoufeelgoodvolunteeringbuttherearealsoother__15__.Ioncevolunteeredasasteward(干事)atacha

ritysportseventwheretheorganizers__16__gavemecupcakesfromanexpensiveLondonbakerytothankmeformy__17__.I

alsovolunteeredinacharityshopsoIfoundloadsofnicecheapclothesto__18__mywardrobe.Whilethisisallfun，myfavouriteaspe

ctofvolunteeringis__19__andsharingstories.Myterrible__20__atfarminghasgivenmefunnystoriestotell![语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者

从事志愿工作的经历以及志愿工作的优点。1．A.ApartfromB．DuetoC．InsteadofD．Butfor解析：C[下文提到作者决定做志愿工作，故这里应是“我想见别人并有新的经历，而不是自怨自艾”。Insteadof“而不是，取代”

，符合语境。]2．A.experiencesB．discoveriesC．opportunitiesD．changes解析：A[参见上题解析。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。]3．A.rec

ommendsB．demandsC．offersD．seizes解析：C[此处指“志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得愉快并分享精彩的故事的机会”。offer“提供”，符合语境。]4．A.popularB．fantasticC．familiarD．important解析：B[参见上题

解析。fantastic意为“美妙的，精彩的”，符合语境。]5．A.impressiveB．freeC．cheapD．special解析：B[根据下文的“asfoodandaccommodationwereprovided”可知，农场提供

食物和住宿，故此处表示它几乎是一个免费的(free)假期。]6．A.uniqueB．regularC．typicalD．convenient解析：C[根据上文的“workonafarm”及下文的“asIhadto__7__fifteenhorsesandsheep”

可知，这不是一个典型的(typical)假期，因为作者在农场工作，而且必须照顾十五匹马和羊。]7．A.attendtoB．researchintoC．huntforD．communicatewith解析

：A[参见上题解析。attendtosb./sth.意为“照顾某人/某物”。]8．A.skillfulB．suitableC．hard-workingD．awful解析：D[根据下文的“but”及最后一段中

的“Myterrible__20__atfarming”可知，此处指“不久我就发现我是一个糟糕的(awful)农民”。]9．A.EnglishB．FrenchC．RussianD．Chinese解析：B[根据第一段中的“onafarminFrance”可知，作者在法国的农场从事志愿工

作，所以应是提高法语。]10．A.normallyB．basicallyC．naturallyD．necessarily解析：D[根据下文的“Ihavehadplentyofadventuresathome...”可知，作者在国内有许多冒险经历，故可推知“你不一定要去国外从事志愿工

作”。necessarily意为“必要地”，notnecessarily“不一定”。]11．A.hobbyB．trendC．jobD．reality解析：A[下文提到的志愿工作显然是作者的爱好，关键词“love”就是暗示，故用ho

bby。]12．A.dancingB．writingC．singingD．performing解析：C[根据下文的“mylocalchoir(合唱团)”和“Iorganizedaconcertforcharity

...”可知，作者喜欢唱歌(singing)。]13．A.greetB．controlC．organizeD．conduct解析：D[根据上文的“Ihadagoodlaughwavingmyarms...”及后面的“mylocalchoir(合唱团

)”可推知，此处指挥动胳膊来指挥(conduct)当地的合唱团。]14．A.powerfulB．hopefulC．meaningfulD．successful解析：C[找乐队并为慈善事业筹钱真的很有意义。meaningful意为“有意义的”，符合语境。]15．A.adventuresB．

advantagesC．factorsD．achievements解析：B[根据下文的“gavemecupcakes...”“soIfoundloadsofnicecheapclothes”可知，这里

说的是“你确实能感受到志愿工作的好处，但是它还有其他的优点(advantages)”。]16．A.generouslyB．cautiouslyC．equallyD．proudly解析：A[根据下文的“...cupcakesfromanexpensiveLondonbake

rytothankme...”可知组织者很大方地给作者很贵的杯形蛋糕。generously意为“慷慨地，大方地”，符合语境。]17．A.servicesB．patienceC．determinationD．choices解析：A[根据上文

的“Ioncevolunteeredasasteward(干事)atacharitysportsevent...”可知，组织者给作者杯形蛋糕是为了感谢作者的服务(services)，故选A项。]18．A.decorateB．replaceC．beautifyD

．update解析：D[根据上下文可知，作者在慈善商店找到许多漂亮、便宜的衣服来更新自己的衣橱。]19．A.creatingB．imaginingC．choosingD．completing解析：A[此处指“但对于志愿工作，我最喜欢的方面是创造(creatin

g)并分享故事”。]20．A.offenceB．shameC．attemptD．annoyance解析：C[结合语境和文章的情感基调可知，这里应是说作者在农场的尝试让作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事。attempt意为“努力，

尝试”，符合语境。]Ⅲ.短文改错(导学号02516350)Whileawayinanothercitytoattendaconcert,Ihavemyhandbagstolen.MybagcontainedthemoneyIneededpay

formyaccommodation.Itmademerealworried!WhilelookingforahotelIwasstayingin，Iaskedataxidriverfordirections.Onheardaboutwhathadha

ppened,heofferedtotakemetothereforfree.What'smore，hehandedI100yuanwhenheleftthehotel.Irefusedtotakethem.Heinsisted

,andtoldmehehadbeeninasimilarsituationonceandthatawomanhadhelpedhim.Whenheaskedaboutherphonenumbersohecouldreturnedthemoney,thewom

ansimplyreplied.“Don'tpayitback－payitforward！”So,hedid!答案：