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选修八Unit3[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516346)1．Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?2．Wemustalwaysbe

arinmindthatChinaisabigcountrywithahugepopulation.3．Theexhibitionwasorganizedbytheschoolinassociation(ass

ociate)withlocalartists.4．Whenyoucometoschool,pleasevisitmyofficeatyourconvenience(convenient)．5．Theserviceo

ffersyoungpeoplepractical(practice)adviceonfindingajob.6．Whetherornotthesecretarywillbefiredisatthemercy(merciful)ofherboss.7．Ibelievethatyouarein

nocent(innocence),andI'llstandupforyouanywhere.8．Weallhaveanexpectation(expect)thathecanpassthedrivingtestnextw

eek.9．Ihavefilledintheformandfiled(file)mypatentapplicationwiththePatentOffice.10．Inmyopinion,onlyby

facingdifficultiesbravelyandseizing(seize)opportunitiescanonesucceed.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516347)1．Distinguishingforitsdiligenceandcourage,theCh

ineseNationhasattractedtheattentionfromtheworld.Distinguishing→Distinguished2．Sometimesteacherswillinformstudentsoftheheavyburdenth

estudentshavetobearwith.去掉with3．Theteacher'sabruptlyendingspeakingcanmakesomestudentsfocustheirattentionontheirlistening.abruptly→abrupt4．Thene

wgovernmentmustsetoutfindingsolutionstothecountry'seconomicproblems.out→about5．Itissocoldandfrozenthatwehavetostayathom

e.frozen→freezingⅢ.佳句写作(导学号02516348)1．早上丢失了一小时，你就得在一天剩下的时间里努力寻找这一小时。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)答案：Loseonehourinthemor

ning，andyouwillbelookingforittherestoftheday.2．只有这样做，我们才能让世界更美好。(倒装)答案：Onlybydoingsocanwehelptomaketheworldabetterplace

.3．这个明星那么平易近人以至于她与粉丝相处得很好。(so...that....)答案：Thisstarissoeasy-goingthatshecangetalongwellwithherfans.4．我们必须牢记是共产党(theCommunistP

arty)领导我们走向胜利的。(keepinmind)答案：WemustkeepinmindthatitistheCommunistPartythatleadsustovictory.5．似乎没什么可以做的了，只有派人去请医生。(

Thereseemtobe...)答案：Thereseemedtobenothinglefttodobutsendforthedoctor.[技能提升]Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516349)(2018·衡水模拟)Ateamofengi

neersatHarvardUniversityhavebeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly.Themechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techinte

gratedsystems.Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandpe

rformcontrolledflighttasks.“It'sextremelyimportantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchofindividualcomponents(元件)，”saidR

obertWood,theHarvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingontheroboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago，his

teamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthecomponents.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatac

tuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown，”hesaid.Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetherob

oticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwh

ichindividuallyhastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingit'sconnectedto.”saidWood.Theflightde

vicewasbuiltintoasetofpower，computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheprojectprovesthattheflyi

ngrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallyto

equipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers'fieldsoronthebattlefield.“Basi

callyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround，”hesaid.Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmecha

nicsandcontrolinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkinga

boutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,bu

tusingtheserobotsinstead，”hesaid.“Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscientificquestionsthatar

ereallywhatdriveusonadaytodaybasis.”[语篇解读]本文主要讲述哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。1

．Thedifficultytheteamofengineersmetwithwhilemakingtheroboticflywasthat________.A．theyhadnomodelintheirmindB．theydidnothaveenoughtimeC．theyhadnoready

-madecomponentsD．theycouldnotassemblethecomponents解析：C[细节理解题。根据第二段可知类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，不得不靠自己去开发，可知困难就是没有现成的组成部件。]2．Itcan

beinferredfromParagraphs3and4thattheroboticfly________.A．consistsofaflightdeviceandacontrolsystemB．canjustf

lyinlimitedareasatthepresenttimeC．cancollectinformationfrommanysourcesD．hasbeenputintowideapplication解析：B[推理

判断题。根据第四段的“Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall，off-boardpowersource”可知，目前由于电池等的限制，机器苍蝇只能在有限的区域飞行。]3．Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfrom

thepassage?A．Theroboticflyerisdesignedtolearnaboutinsects.B．Animalsarenotallowedinbiologicalexperiments.C．Thereusedtobefewways

tostudyhowinsectsfly.D．Wood'sdesigncanreplaceanimalsinsomeexperiments.解析：D[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“youknow，tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththean

imals，butusingtheserobotsinstead”可知，有些试验用动物很困难，但是可以用机器人来替代。]4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．FatherofRoboticFlyB．Inspirationfr

omEngineeringScienceC．RoboticFlyImitatesRealLifeInsectD．HarvardBreaksThroughinInsectStudy解析：C[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知主要讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。]Ⅱ

.完形填空(2018·海南五校高三第二次模拟)OnerainyafternoonIwassittingathomefeelingsobored.__1__feelingsorryformyself,Iwa

ntedtomeetpeopleandhavenew__2__soIdecidedtostartvolunteering.IfoundawebsitewhereIcouldvolunteeronafarminFrance.Volunteering__3

__somanyopportunitiestohavefunandshare__4__stories.Itwasthefirsttimeformetoworkonafarm.Itwasalmosta(n)__5__holidaya

sfoodandaccommodationwereprovided.Itwasnotone__6__holiday，however，asIhadto__7__fifteenhorsesandsheep!IsoondiscoveredthatIwasa(n)__8__farmerbut

itdidnotmatterbecauseImadesomegreatfriendsandalsoimprovedmy__9__.However，youdonot__10__goabroadtovolunteer.Ihavehadplentyofadventuresathomeasvo

lunteeringcanbecomea__11__.Forexample，Ilove__12__soIhadagoodlaughwavingmyarmsinorderto__13__mylocalchoir(合唱团).Atuniversi

ty,Iorganizedaconcertforcharitywithmyfriends.Itwasreally__14__tofindbandsandraisemoneyforacause.Itistruethatyoufeelg

oodvolunteeringbuttherearealsoother__15__.Ioncevolunteeredasasteward(干事)atacharitysportseventwhereth

eorganizers__16__gavemecupcakesfromanexpensiveLondonbakerytothankmeformy__17__.IalsovolunteeredinacharityshopsoIfoundloadsofnice

cheapclothesto__18__mywardrobe.Whilethisisallfun，myfavouriteaspectofvolunteeringis__19__andsharingstories.M

yterrible__20__atfarminghasgivenmefunnystoriestotell![语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从事志愿工作的经历以及志愿工作的优点。1．A.ApartfromB．DuetoC．InsteadofD．Butfor解

析：C[下文提到作者决定做志愿工作，故这里应是“我想见别人并有新的经历，而不是自怨自艾”。Insteadof“而不是，取代”，符合语境。]2．A.experiencesB．discoveriesC．oppor

tunitiesD．changes解析：A[参见上题解析。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。]3．A.recommendsB．demandsC．offersD．seizes解析：C[此处指“志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得愉快

并分享精彩的故事的机会”。offer“提供”，符合语境。]4．A.popularB．fantasticC．familiarD．important解析：B[参见上题解析。fantastic意为“美妙的，精彩的”，符合语境。]5．A.

impressiveB．freeC．cheapD．special解析：B[根据下文的“asfoodandaccommodationwereprovided”可知，农场提供食物和住宿，故此处表示它几乎是一个免费的(free)假期。]6．A.uniq

ueB．regularC．typicalD．convenient解析：C[根据上文的“workonafarm”及下文的“asIhadto__7__fifteenhorsesandsheep”可知，这不是一个典型的(typical)假期，因为作者在农场工

作，而且必须照顾十五匹马和羊。]7．A.attendtoB．researchintoC．huntforD．communicatewith解析：A[参见上题解析。attendtosb./sth.意为“照顾某人/某物”。]8．A.skillfulB．suitableC．hard-workin

gD．awful解析：D[根据下文的“but”及最后一段中的“Myterrible__20__atfarming”可知，此处指“不久我就发现我是一个糟糕的(awful)农民”。]9．A.EnglishB．Fr

enchC．RussianD．Chinese解析：B[根据第一段中的“onafarminFrance”可知，作者在法国的农场从事志愿工作，所以应是提高法语。]10．A.normallyB．basicallyC．naturallyD．necessaril

y解析：D[根据下文的“Ihavehadplentyofadventuresathome...”可知，作者在国内有许多冒险经历，故可推知“你不一定要去国外从事志愿工作”。necessarily意为“必要地”，notn

ecessarily“不一定”。]11．A.hobbyB．trendC．jobD．reality解析：A[下文提到的志愿工作显然是作者的爱好，关键词“love”就是暗示，故用hobby。]12．A.danci

ngB．writingC．singingD．performing解析：C[根据下文的“mylocalchoir(合唱团)”和“Iorganizedaconcertforcharity...”可知，作者喜欢唱歌(singing)。]13．A.greetB．contro

lC．organizeD．conduct解析：D[根据上文的“Ihadagoodlaughwavingmyarms...”及后面的“mylocalchoir(合唱团)”可推知，此处指挥动胳膊来指挥(conduct)当地的合唱团。]14．A.powerfulB．hopefulC．mea

ningfulD．successful解析：C[找乐队并为慈善事业筹钱真的很有意义。meaningful意为“有意义的”，符合语境。]15．A.adventuresB．advantagesC．facto

rsD．achievements解析：B[根据下文的“gavemecupcakes...”“soIfoundloadsofnicecheapclothes”可知，这里说的是“你确实能感受到志愿工作的好处，但是它还有其他的优点(a

dvantages)”。]16．A.generouslyB．cautiouslyC．equallyD．proudly解析：A[根据下文的“...cupcakesfromanexpensiveLondonbakerytothankm

e...”可知组织者很大方地给作者很贵的杯形蛋糕。generously意为“慷慨地，大方地”，符合语境。]17．A.servicesB．patienceC．determinationD．choices解析：A[根据上文的“Ioncevol

unteeredasasteward(干事)atacharitysportsevent...”可知，组织者给作者杯形蛋糕是为了感谢作者的服务(services)，故选A项。]18．A.decorateB．replaceC．beautifyD．

update解析：D[根据上下文可知，作者在慈善商店找到许多漂亮、便宜的衣服来更新自己的衣橱。]19．A.creatingB．imaginingC．choosingD．completing解析：A[此处指“但对于志愿工作，我最喜欢的方面是创造(creating)并分享故事”。]

20．A.offenceB．shameC．attemptD．annoyance解析：C[结合语境和文章的情感基调可知，这里应是说作者在农场的尝试让作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事。attempt意为“努力

，尝试”，符合语境。]Ⅲ.短文改错(导学号02516350)Whileawayinanothercitytoattendaconcert,Ihavemyhandbagstolen.MybagcontainedthemoneyIneededpayfo

rmyaccommodation.Itmademerealworried!WhilelookingforahotelIwasstayingin，Iaskedataxidriverfordirections.Onheardabou

twhathadhappened,heofferedtotakemetothereforfree.What'smore，hehandedI100yuanwhenheleftthehotel.Irefusedtotaket

hem.Heinsisted,andtoldmehehadbeeninasimilarsituationonceandthatawomanhadhelpedhim.Whenheaskedaboutherphonenumbersoh

ecouldreturnedthemoney,thewomansimplyreplied.“Don'tpayitback－payitforward！”So,hedid!答案：